• Whole group instruction is beneficial for building a sense of community in the classroom
• Collaborative discussion teams can be used during whole group lessons as a way for students take breaks from listening and discuss the content with each other. In the Send a Problem technique students make up questions for other groups to answer.
• Help students take notes by providing outlines, highlighting main points in presentations, and teaming students up with peer note takers. Some students can benefit from a speech-control voice controller so they can listen to the presentation again at their own pace.
o Strategic note-taking forms provide cues that help students take effective notes.
o Listening guides list important terms in the order of presentation so the student can follow along and add details.
o A frame outline provides an overview of the information and contains empty spaces that signal where more information needs to be added.
• Teach listening strategies like “Think, Ask why, Listen for what, and Say to self” or the “give me five” strategy”: 1. Eyes on Speaker 2. Mouth Quiet 3. Body Still 4. Ears Listening 5. Hands Free
• Hold student’s attention by giving specific directions to listen carefully, give clear directions, pausing before giving important information to make sure students are listening, limit distractions, present material quickly, ask for student responses often, use repetition, and use different methods to present material and ask for responses.
• Keep students involved in planning and evaluation by providing opportunities for them to set personal goals, respond too and make choices about instructional activities. Encourage them to evaluate their own work and reflect on what they learned and if they reached their goals.
• When instructions is teacher centered establish the purpose of a lesson by explaining the goals, activate prior knowledge, introduce points in small steps that model how to accomplish a task or master a concept, give clear directions and relevant examples, provide time for all students to respond and practice in multiple ways, ask for student responses to check for understanding, give frequent and helpful feedback, give time for independent practices to look for mastery.
• Ask questions to the whole class so all students have time to think about them, aim questions at all students’ skill levels in the classroom, encourage them to respond to each other’s answers. Students can use response cards which allow them all to answer a question independently so the teacher can see how each child answers.
• Process feedback reinforces why an answer is correct or partially correct, corrective feedback how to identify errors and fix them, and instructive feedback provides more information that allows students to expand on the task or content.
• Manual, modeling, oral, or visual prompts guide students through a correct process to help when their as a lack of understanding.
• Homework assignments should consider the strengths and challenges or different families, teachers should communicate with families about homework to make sure it is not causing conflicts or difficulties in the home. Provide consistent homework routines and teach study skills to encourage success with homework.
• In cooperative learning activities students should have positive interdependence so they understand that they need to work together to achieve their goal, individual accountability so each child feels responsible for contributing, face to face interactions, interpersonal skills that show students encouraging each other, and group processing so the students reflect on how they worked together to achieve their goals.
• In class wide peer tutoring the whole class is arranged in pairs and each partner takes a turn tutoring the other.
• In the jigsaw model students form small groups that each become experts at a certain task, then one member from each group joins another group in which they share their learning with each other.
• Establish guidelines for working in groups and discuss what skills are necessary for collaborative learning. Ask your students to reflect on their experiences and provide feedback.
Resources
• Flexible Grouping by Catherine Valentino
• Strategies for Helping Students Develop Team Skills
• School Tools (note taking strategies)
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